It looks like fatigue cracking to me. Force sufficient to crack a spoke at the hub would I'd think be sufficient to damage the tire at a minimum, and dent the rim as well as crack a spoke at a maximum. You'd know you hit something hard enough to crack the wheel casting. The casting is weak for some reason, the cracks are forming in the region with the highest stress. It's a propagating failure mechanism. Dominoes. One fails initially, increasing stress on the adjacent spokes which then also fail, transferring their stress to the remaining spokes. Each time a spoke fails, the stress on the remaining spokes increases proportionally. So the failures propagate faster as the system progresses to total failure.